{"id":41189,"date":"2019-01-02T04:30:51","date_gmt":"2019-01-02T04:30:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.softwaretestinghelp.com\/?page_id=41189"},"modified":"2025-10-16T16:12:27","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T16:12:27","slug":"angularjs-tutorial","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.softwaretestinghelp.com\/angularjs-tutorial\/","title":{"rendered":"AngularJS Tutorial for Absolute Beginners (with Installation Guide)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction to AngularJS: What is\u00a0AngularJS, Its\u00a0Benefits, Features, and How to Download and Installation Guide<\/strong><\/p>\n

AngularJS is a programming language that is becoming popular nowadays.<\/p>\n

It’s 2018, and the technological advancements have been at their peak this year. The programming languages such as Python, AngularJS, Ruby on Rails, React and Redux JS, etc. have been most sought after.<\/p>\n

You can easily get a job if you get a hold of any of these programming languages along with the older languages such as JAVA or C++. It\u2019s very important to be up to date with the new programming trends in order to keep your learning quotient high.<\/p>\n

\"AngularJS<\/p>\n

Our Series of AngularJS<\/strong>\u00a0Tutorials will give you complete knowledge of the AngularJS.<\/p>\n

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Quickly Learn AngularJS with these 6 Tutorials:<\/strong>
\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tutorial #1<\/strong><\/span> \u2013 Introduction to AngularJS (This Tutorial)<\/a>
\nTutorial #2<\/strong><\/span> \u2013 AngularJS Directive with Example<\/a>
\nTutorial #3<\/strong> <\/span>\u2013 Build Single Page Application Using AngularJS<\/a>
\nTutorial #4<\/strong><\/span> \u2013 Difference Between Angular Versions<\/a>
\nTutorial #5<\/strong><\/span> \u2013 Protractor Tool for End-to-end Testing of AngularJS Apps<\/a>
\nTutorial #6<\/strong><\/span> \u2013 Top AngularJS Interview Questions<\/a><\/p>\n

********************************************************************************<\/p>\n

Organizations try to employ people based on their productivity. If a person is capable of developing code and delivering output at a lesser time, then obviously he gets an edge over the others.<\/p>\n

Considering the demand in the current markets along with the time taken for a complete beginner to learn and build real-world apps, the best programming language to learn right now, is AngularJS.<\/p>\n

To start with the series, let’s have a brief introduction to AngularJS.<\/strong><\/p>\n

What is AngularJS?<\/h3>\n

AngularJS is a JavaScript framework that operates on the client-side and is used to develop web applications.<\/p>\n

This means that the code you write will be executed by the browser and not by the server. It is a popular and powerful JavaScript framework and is widely used in single-page application projects and line of business applications.<\/p>\n

Due to this, various AngularJs application development companies are in demand now.<\/p>\n

When AngularJS Came into Picture?<\/h3>\n

Web development is one of the most preferred and cost-effective ways to create distributed applications.<\/p>\n

The deployment done once on one machine can be made accessible to all the users on the world wide web. One of the performance issues that came up was the page posting issue which resulted in a communication lag between the client and the server.<\/p>\n

AngularJS was developed by Misko and Adam Abrons in 2009 in order to help combat such issues and is being maintained by Google since then. It is an open-source project which means you can freely use and share it.<\/p>\n

Several web applications are being built since their conception and many of the applications are listed on its website<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Why AngularJS?<\/h3>\n

We already have several JavaScript frameworks<\/a> such as React JS, Node JS, Backbone JS, etc. But still, why do we prefer AngularJS to the existing ones?<\/p>\n

When you develop web pages using AngularJS, the pages will not be refreshed frequently due to the operations that a user performs on the webpage. This, in turn, is necessary to give faster output to the users via the webpage.<\/p>\n

But how does AngularJS achieve this?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

The benefits of AngularJS which are stated below would answer the above questions.<\/p>\n

There are several benefits as listed below:<\/strong><\/p>\n

#1) Dependency Injection<\/span><\/h4>\n

In software engineering, dependency injection refers to the passing of objects between the application and the client.<\/p>\n

The injection is the phenomenon of passing a dependency (say an application service) to a dependent object (say a client) that would use it. AngularJS provides several core components for achieving this purpose in simplicity.<\/p>\n

#2) Model View Controller<\/span><\/h4>\n

AngularJS is used to create Rich Internet Applications (RIA), and two-way data binding is achievable due to the MVC (model view controller) architecture in Angular JS.<\/p>\n

A basic depiction of this architecture is as shown below:<\/strong><\/p>\n

MVC Model for AngularJS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"1.1MVC<\/p>\n

As developers, we just have to split our code into the model, view, and controller and the rest of the operations such as managing the components and connecting them together will be automatically done by AngularJS.<\/p>\n

#3) Two-way Data Binding<\/span><\/h4>\n

Software changes should be responsive, and changes within the system should be catered to the changes in the user interface and conversely, with precision and speed.<\/p>\n

AngularJS offers this kind of binding by synchronizing between the model and the view.<\/p>\n

#4) Testing<\/span><\/h4>\n

It is interesting to know the fact that AngularJS was designed keeping testing in mind, right from the beginning.<\/p>\n

Any of the components of AngularJS can be comfortably tested using both unit testing and an end to end testing. The application can be transported across browsers for testing purposes.<\/p>\n

#5) Controlling the behavior of DOM elements<\/span><\/h4>\n

Attributes of AngularJS can be linked to directives so that automatic initialization of the application is possible.<\/p>\n

This means that there is modularity in AngularJS and with the help of its features such as directives and filters, a sense of customization and flexibility can be achieved in the code.<\/p>\n

Now, we have seen the answers to all the why- questions that may arise as a result of apprehensions in learning something new, and I think we\u2019re good to go.<\/p>\n

It is always better to learn a technological trend and keep updating ourselves often to make the most out of our careers and also to keep that inquisitive mind of ours always thirsty for knowledge.<\/p>\n

Pre-Requisites for Learning AngularJS<\/h3>\n

It is important and advantageous to know a few things in advance to speed up your learning pace.<\/p>\n

HTML and CSS could be used to build your own web pages so that testing can be done on them. To code in AngularJS, it is important to have a basic understanding of JavaScript.<\/p>\n

Hence, it is advisable to get a basic understanding of HTML and CSS along with the concepts of implementing JavaScript, before starting off with AngularJS.<\/p>\n

Features of AngularJS<\/h3>\n

In the AngularJS language there are many offerings that are unique and exclusive. It is better to get yourself acquainted to these before setting up an environment to write and execute the code in AngularJS.<\/p>\n

MVC Architecture<\/span><\/h4>\n

Model-View-Controller design of AngularJS has to be understood, for understanding how the code works.<\/p>\n

MVC forms the core of this programming language and hence is very important too. Whenever an event occurs, the Controller part of the codebase receives the input of the event which consists of varied requests for the application.<\/p>\n

The model part of the codebase, which usually is the core logic, coordinates with the controller and prepares the required data that has to be used by the view to generate a presentable output. Hence there is a separation of concerns within the programming language architecture as it isolates the application logic from the UI layer.<\/p>\n

This is the reason for which AngularJS is widely used in developing Single Page Applications (SPA).<\/p>\n

Directives<\/span><\/h4>\n

AngularJS is integrated with the HTML code to create web pages, and \u201cDirectives\u201d are the special attributes of AngularJS and are used in order to integrate them.<\/p>\n

Expressions In AngularJS<\/h3>\n

AngularJS expressions can contain literals, operators or variables, unlike the traditional JavaScript.<\/p>\n

They could be written inside the HTML tag itself, but care has to be taken to add the ng-app directive, else the expression will be displayed as it is, without being solved.<\/p>\n

AngularJS expressions could be written inside double curly braces or can be written inside a directive.<\/p>\n

Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Inside curly braces:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<div ng-app=\u201d\u201d>\n<p>My first expression in Angular JS: {{3+3}}<\/p>\n<\/div><\/pre>\n
Inside directive:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
<div ng-controller=\u201dName of your controller\u201d>\n<element\u00a0ng-bind=\"your expression\"><\/element>\n<\/div><\/pre>\n
AngularJS Numbers<\/span><\/h4>\n
This datatype is just like the JavaScript datatype and operators could be used to display results.<\/p>\n
Example:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
<div ng-app=\u201d\u201d>\n<p>The value of 5 times 10 is : {{5*10}}<p>\n<\/div><\/pre>\n
AngularJS Strings<\/span><\/h4>\n
Strings can be initialized using ng-init directive or ng-controller directive. The concatenation of strings is also possible when the + operator is used within the expression.<\/p>\n
Strings also could be used as expressions within double curly braces or use ng-bind directive just like the AngularJS numbers.<\/p>\n
Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n
Inside curly braces:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
<div ng-app=\u201d\u201d ng-init=\u201dfirst string variable name=\u2019your first string\u2019;second string variable name\n=\u2019your second string\u2019\u201d>\n<p>My first string expression in Angular JS: \n{{ first string variable name + second string variable name }}<\/p>\n<\/div><\/em><\/pre>\n
Inside directive:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
<div ng-app=\u201d\u201d ng-init=\u201d first string variable name=\u2019your first string\u2019; \nsecond string variable name=\u2019your second string\u2019\u201d>\n\n<p>My first string expression in Angular JS:<span\u00a0ng-bind=\n\" first string variable name + second string variable name \"><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/pre>\n
AngularJS Objects<\/span><\/h4>\n
AngularJS objects behave the same way in which the JavaScript objects behave. The items within an object could be accessed using the dot operator.<\/p>\n
Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n
Inside curly braces<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
<div ng-app=\u201d\u201d ng-init=\u201dyour object name=\n{first variable name=\u2019your first value\u2019,second variable name\n=\u2019your second value\u2019}\u201d>\n<p>My first object in Angular JS: {{ your object name.second variable name }}<\/p>\n<\/div><\/pre>\n
Inside directive<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
<div ng-app=\u201d\u201d ng-init=\u201dyour object name={first variable name=\u2019your first value\u2019,second variable name\n=\u2019your second value\u2019}\u201d>\n\n<p>My first object in Angular JS:<span\u00a0ng-bind=\" your object name.second variable name \"><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/pre>\n
AngularJS Arrays<\/span><\/h4>\n
AngularJS arrays behave the same way in which the JavaScript arrays behave.<\/p>\n
The items within an array could be accessed by denoting the value\u2019s index number within square braces. Please remember that the indexing starts from zero always, in an array, i.e., Array element 1 = index 0.<\/p>\n
Array element 2 = index 1 and so on.<\/p>\n
Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n
Inside curly braces:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
<div ng-app=\u201d\u201d ng-init=\u201dyour array name=[your first value,your second value]\u201d>\n<p>My first array in Angular JS: {{ your array name[1] }}<\/p>\n<\/div><\/pre>\n
Inside directive:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
<div ng-app=\u201d\u201d ng-init=\u201dyour array name=[your first value,your second value]\u201d>\n<p>My first array in Angular JS: <span\u00a0ng-bind=\"your array name[1] \"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/pre>\n
A code snippet Example<\/span> showing all the expressions in AngularJS is given below:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\"1.3directives<\/p>\n
[image source<\/a>]<\/em><\/p>\n
Please note, AngularJS:<\/strong><\/p>\n